Rushes are grass-like plants that thrive in wet, marshy areas and are commonly found growing along the edges of lakes, ponds, and wetlands With their upright growth habit and ability to adapt to saturated soils, rushes are perfectly suited for planting in aquatic gardens or near water features
In this complete guide, we will discuss the most popular types of rushes that grow beside lakes and ponds, along with tips on how to incorporate them into your landscape.
An Overview of Rushes
Rushes belong to the plant family Juncaceae and include around 300 species worldwide. They are perennial plants that spread through underground rhizomes and produce cylindrical, often hollow stems with insignificant small flowers.
Unlike true grasses, rushes have leaves that are generally reduced to sheaths around the base of the stem. The foliage is typically erect, rigid, and round in cross-section.
While they may look like miniature cattails at first glance, rushes can be identified from cattails by their lack of fluffy seed heads.
Some of the most common genera of rushes include:
- Juncus – common rushes
- Luzula – woodrushes
- Juncellus – dwarf rushes
Rushes thrive in damp soils and shallow water. They are frequently found along pond edges, stream banks, marshes, fens, and wet meadows.
Many species spread aggressively via their underground rhizomes. While this weedy tendency makes them well-suited for soil stabilization around ponds and lakes, it also means they can potentially take over a garden bed if left unchecked.
Benefits of Growing Rushes
Here are some of the top benefits of incorporating rushes into your water garden or lakeside landscaping:
-
Erosion control – The dense, intertwining root systems of rushes are excellent for stabilizing shorelines and preventing erosion around ponds and lakes.
-
Wildlife habitat – Birds use the hollow stems for nesting materials. Rushes provide cover for frogs, turtles, and other aquatic animals.
-
Visual interest – The green, grassy foliage and spiky forms create attractive texture and contrast.
-
Versatility – Rushes grow in saturated soil or shallow water, making them one of the few plants that can thrive at the fluctuating water’s edge.
-
Low maintenance – Once established, rushes require little care and are resistant to pests and diseases. Their aggressive growth helps crowd out weeds.
10 Popular Rushes for Ponds and Lakes
If you’re looking to incorporate rushes into your water garden or lakeside landscape, these are some of the best varieties to consider:
1. Corkscrew Rush
Botanical name: Juncus effusus ‘Spiralis’
Growing conditions: Moist soil or shallow water
Height and width: 2-3 feet tall and wide
Description: This unique rush forms spiraling, corkscrew-like foliage. It adds fun texture planted near water.
2. Soft Rush
Botanical name:_ Juncus effusus_
Growing conditions: Wet mud or shallow water up to 12 inches deep
Height and width: 3-4 feet tall, 2 feet wide
Description: One of the most common rushes, it grows in clumps and features round, upright blue-green stems.
3. Toad Rush
Botanical name: Juncus bufonius
Growing conditions: Moist soil
Height and width: 6-12 inches tall, forms loose clumps
Description: A short rush that produces tiny flowers. It tolerates temporary dryness.
4. Torrey’s Rush
Botanical name: Juncus torreyi
Growing conditions: Wet mud or standing water up to 6 inches deep
Height: 1-2 feet tall
Description: This clump-forming rush has blue-green stems and is native to North America.
5. Path Rush
Botanical name: Juncus tenuis
Growing conditions: Moist soil
Height: 1-2 feet tall
Description: A slender rush that grows in loose clumps, native to North America. Stems are round and erect.
6. Shore Rush
Botanical name: Juncus marginatus
Growing conditions: Wet mud or shallow water up to 3 inches deep
Height: 1-2 feet tall
Description: This clump-forming rush has stiff, upright stems. It is tolerant of occasional dryness.
7. Wood Rush
Botanical name: Luzula sylvatica
Growing conditions: Moist, shady sites
Height: 12-18 inches tall
Description: A shade-loving rush with flat, hairy leaves. It handles drier soils than many rushes.
8. Flowering Rush
Botanical name: Butomus umbellatus
Growing conditions: Shallow water or wet soil
Height: 3-5 feet tall
Description: This unique rush produces pink flower clusters on tall stalks in summer.
9. Compact Rush
Botanical name: Juncus conglomeratus
Growing conditions: Wet mud or shallow water up to 6 inches deep
Height: 6-12 inches tall
Description: A low clump-forming rush suitable for pond edges. Stems are slender and round.
10. Baltic Rush
Botanical name: Juncus balticus
Growing conditions: Wet mud or standing water up to 12 inches deep
Height: 1-3 feet tall
Description: Features blue-green stems and clump-forming habit. Tolerates irregular water levels.
Growing Tips for Rushes
-
Plant rushes in spring or fall. Soak root divisions for several hours before planting.
-
Give them full sun to part shade. Light shade is preferable in hot climates.
-
Rushes tolerate a wide variety of soil types but need consistently moist or wet soil.
-
Allow 1-3 feet between plants depending on the variety. Taller types require more space.
-
Cut back any dead foliage in late winter before new growth emerges.
-
Divide mature clumps every 2-3 years in spring to control spread.
-
Mulch around rushes with gravel or pebbles to reduce weeds and retain soil moisture.
Where to Use Rushes in Your Landscape
Here are some of the best places to incorporate rushes into your garden:
-
Pond edges – Plant rushes along the fluctuating water line. They help disguise the pond edge.
-
Streams and creek banks – Use rushes to prevent erosion along moving water.
-
Water gardens – Feature rushes among marginal aquatic plants around ornamental pools.
-
Rain gardens – Mix moisture-loving rushes with colorful perennials in drainage areas.
-
Wet patches – Use rushes to fill persistently wet spots where other plants fail.
-
Ditches and swales – Plant erosion-control rushes like soft rush along drainage ditches.
-
Lake shores – Incorporate clump-forming rushes to stabilize sandy beach areas.
-
Formal landscapes – Add height and texture with containerized rushes in urns or pots.
FAQ About Growing Rushes
Are rushes good for ponds?
Yes, rushes are excellent pond plants. Their extensive root systems help stabilize pond banks and prevent erosion. Rushes provide habitat and shelter for frogs, birds, and aquatic insects. They tolerate shallow water and wet soils, allowing them to grow at the water’s fluctuating edge.
How fast do rushes spread?
Many rushes spread rapidly via underground rhizomes. They can expand at a rate of 1-2 feet per year. Swift spread makes them good for erosion control but potentially invasive. Divide clumps every 2-3 years to control spread.
Do rushes need full sun?
Most rushes tolerate full sun but some appreciate light shade, especially in hotter zones. Provide a minimum of 4-6 hours of direct sun for best growth.
Are rushes hard to get rid of?
Yes, rushes can be difficult to eradicate once established due to their tenacious, spreading rhizome system. Small plants can sometimes be hand dug but large stands usually require repeated cutting or herbicide treatment.
What can you plant with rushes?
Good companion plants for rushes include other moisture-loving species like iris, astilbe, cardinal flower, canna lily, turtlehead, and goldenrod. Ferns also combine nicely with rushes.
Rushes are versatile, rugged plants that are tailor-made for planting alongside water features or other damp sites. Let their graceful forms and textures enhance your landscape around lakes, ponds, rain gardens, wetlands, or anywhere their moisture-loving roots can spread. With minimal care, rushes provide a beautiful, naturalistic look.
