Will Birds Use Birdhouses in Winter?

When the cold weather rolls in, many of us humans hunker down inside our cozy, heated homes. But what about our feathered friends? Do backyard birds still use birdhouses during the winter or do they head south for warmer climates? I did some research on this seasonal conundrum and have some insights to share.

Why Do Birds Use Birdhouses in the First Place?

Before diving into winter specifics, let’s review why birds use birdhouses at all Cavity-nesting bird species like chickadees, nuthatches, titmice, wrens, bluebirds, swallows, and woodpeckers all nest in the cavities of trees, nest boxes, or birdhouses These enclosed spaces offer shelter, warmth, and protection from predators. Bird species that don’t excavate their own nesting cavities rely on natural hollows or manmade structures to raise their young.

In the spring and summer, birds choose birdhouses as convenient, safe spots to lay eggs and incubate babies. But another benefit of birdhouses is insulation. The enclosed space with a small entrance hole helps hold in heat or stay cooler, depending on the season So in winter, birds will often use birdhouses, nest boxes, or roost boxes specifically for shelter and warmth The cozy spaces become refuge from bitter winds, snow, ice, and freezing rains.

Why Do Some Birds Stay in Winter?

Before we go further, it helps to understand why certain bird species tough out the winter rather than migrating to warmer areas Species like chickadees, titmice, juncos, nuthatches, woodpeckers, and bluebirds have specialized feather and fat structures to retain heat They can fluff their feathers for insulation and pack on fat reserves as an energy source.

These birds also switch over to food sources that are available in winter like seeds, fruits, and nuts. And they form social foraging flocks for safety and to maximize their chances of discovering food. With adaptations like these, it makes sense for some birds to stick it out in their normal habitats rather than expend energy migrating.

Preparing Birdhouses for Winter

For birds that stay put, having access to an insulating, protective birdhouse can mean the difference between surviving the frigid nights and succumbing to exposure or starvation. If you already have birdhouses, there are some simple steps to winterize them for roosting birds:

• Seal any cracks and holes where cold air could get in with caulk or weatherstripping tape.

• Add insulation like wood shavings, natural fiber batting, or even dryer lint. Avoid synthetic materials.

• Cover ventilation holes with duct tape to keep warmth in; remove the tape in spring.

• Move the birdhouse entrance hole to the bottom if possible so rising heat doesn’t escape out the top.

• Place the birdhouse in a sheltered spot away from prevailing winds and dripping icicles.

If buying new birdhouses for winter, prioritize enclosed styles like nesting boxes. Ensure they are made of good insulating materials like untreated wood, and include perches. Having multiple built-in roosting chambers allows more birds to huddle together.

Where to Position Winter Birdhouses

Location matters when placing birdhouses for winter. Here are some optimal spots:

• Near mature conifer trees like pines or spruces that provide shelter and food.

• Close to winter bird feeders so birds can refuel easily. Within 10-15 feet is ideal.

• Under the overhanging eaves of a patio cover, shed roof, or deck to avoid heavy snow burial.

• Near brush piles where birds can take cover from gusting winds and storms.

Also consider positioning the entrance holes away from the prevailing wind direction. And place houses at least 5-6 feet off the ground so they don’t get buried in deep snow piles.

When to Put Out Winter Birdhouses

It’s best to have winter birdhouses up by late November or early December at the latest. Migrating birds use birdhouses as pit stops on their journeys, and overwintering birds start scouting around for shelter. If your regular birdhouses are still up from summer, give them a thorough cleaning before cold weather sets in.

Don’t worry about putting them out too early – birds don’t care about our calendar dates. Having the birdhouses standing ready whenever winter blows in just makes roosting easier for our feathered friends.

What Birds Use Birdhouses in Winter?

Now for the fun part – who might come calling at your winter birdhouses? Here are some common visitors:

Chickadees – These tiny puffballs of feathers cram into birdhouses together, huddling for warmth. Keep some fur, moss, and soft fibers stocked in the house for nest building. They love black-oil sunflower seeds.

Tufted Titmice – These gray and white songbirds will gladly move into a nest box or birdhouse in winter. Put up mesh guards to keep larger birds from commandeering the space. They enjoy suet, peanuts, and sunflower chips.

Nuthatches – Nuthatches prefer smaller enclosed boxes mounted under eaves and in trees. Make sure the hole is 1-1.5 inches across. They flock to suet feeders.

Eastern Bluebirds – Such a cheerful sight on a snowy day! Give them an open-fronted roosting box filled with nesting material. Dried mealworms are a tasty winter treat.

Woodpeckers – From downy to red-bellied, woodpeckers will use custom woodpecker boxes with 1.5 inch entrance holes. Make sure to include wood shavings for nesting material. Suet is a favorite food.

Carolina Wrens – In the South, these bubbly songsters use nest boxes year-round. Ensure the entrance is 1-1.25 inches wide to exclude larger species. They relish suet and peanut butter.

With bird-friendly yards, we can extend a helpful hand to our feathered neighbors struggling through harsh winters. A simple birdhouse can provide life-saving shelter. So whip those houses into winter shape and let the birding fun continue all season long!